Top 10 Popular Programming Languages in Robotics

Top Popular Programming Languages in Robotics

🔸There are over 1500 programming languages in the world🔸 

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🔺 Basic/Pascal

• Pascal is a programming language, developed by Niklaus Wirth, efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices in a very easy way using structured programming and data structuring.
• It is named in honor of the French mathematician, philosopher and physicist Blaise Pascal.

🔺 Industrial Robot Languages

• There Are Mainly Eight commercially available high-level robot programming languages developed by industrial robot builders and research laboratories are evaluated. 
• These languages are: AL; AML; Help; Jars; MCL; Rail; RPL; and Val. The historical background of the languages is reviewed.
• The languages are evaluated on the basis of data types, control structures, motion specification, use of sensors, and interface with external machines and devices. Common and uncommon features are noted. 
• Facilities for program editing, entry, debugging,and teaching are compared. Conclusions are given regarding their present status and future development.

🔺LISP  (list processing)

• LISP, full form is (list processing), is a programming language that was designed for easy manipulation of data strings. 

• It Is Designed And Developed in 1959 by John McCarthy, it is a commonly used language for artificial intelligence (AI) programming. 

• It is one of the oldest programming languages still in relatively wide use.

• In LISP, all computation is expressed as a function of at least one object. 

• Objects can be other functions, data items (such as constants or variables), or data structures. 

• LISP's ability to compute with symbolic expressions rather than numbers makes it convenient for AI applications.

🔺Hardware Description Languages (HDLs)

Hardware description language (HDL) is a very specialized computer language used to program electronic and digital logic circuits. 

The structure, operation and design of the circuits are programmable using HDL. 

• HDL includes a textual description consisting of operators, expressions, statements, inputs and outputs. 
• Instead of generating a computer executable file, the HDL compilers provide a gate map. 
• The gate map obtained is then downloaded to the programming device to check the operations of the desired circuit. 
• The language helps to describe any digital circuit in the form of structural, behavioral and gate level and it is found to be an excellent programming language for FPGAs and CPLDs.
• The three common HDLs are Verilog, VHDL, and SystemC.

🔺Assembly

• An assembly language, often abbreviated asm, is any low-level programming language in which there is a very strong correspondence between the program's statements and the architecture's machine code instructions. 
• Assembly code is converted into executable machine code by a utility program referred to as an assembler.

🔺MATLAB

• MATLAB is a programming language developed by MathWorks. 

• It started out as a matrix programming language where linear algebra programming was simple. 

• It can be run both under interactive sessions and as a batch job. 

• This tutorial gives you aggressively a gentle introduction of MATLAB programming language. 

• It is designed to give students fluency in MATLAB programming language. 

• Problem-based MATLAB examples have been given in simple and easy way to make your learning fast and effective.

🔺C# /.NET

C# syntax is highly expressive, yet it is also simple and easy to learn. The curly-brace syntax of C# will be instantly recognizable to anyone familiar with C, C++ or Java. Developers who know any of these languages are typically able to begin to work productively in C# within a very short time. C# syntax simplifies many of the complexities of C++ and provides powerful features such as nullable value types, enumerations, delegates, lambda expressions and direct memory access, which are not found in Java. C# supports generic methods and types, which provide increased type safety and performance, and iterators, which enable implementers of collection classes to define custom iteration behaviors that are simple to use by client code. Language-Integrated Query (LINQ) expressions make the strongly-typed query a first-class language construct.

As an object-oriented language, C# supports the concepts of encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. All variables and methods, including the Main method, the application's entry point, are encapsulated within class definitions. A class may inherit directly from one parent class, but it may implement any number of interfaces. Methods that override virtual methods in a parent class require the override keyword as a way to avoid accidental redefinition. In C#, a struct is like a lightweight class; it is a stack-allocated type that can implement interfaces but does not support inheritance.

In addition to these basic object-oriented principles, C# makes it easy to develop software components through several innovative language constructs, including the following:

• Encapsulated method signatures called delegates, which enable type-safe event notifications.
• Properties, which serve as accessors for private member variables.
• Attributes, which provide declarative metadata about types at run time.
• Inline XML documentation comments.
• Language-Integrated Query (LINQ) which provides built-in query capabilities across a variety of data sources.

If you have to interact with other Windows software such as COM objects or native Win32 DLLs, you can do this in C# through a process called "Interop". Interop enables C# programs to do almost anything that a native C++ application can do. C# even supports pointers and the concept of "unsafe" code for those cases in which direct memory access is absolutely critical.

The C# build process is simple compared to C and C++ and more flexible than in Java. There are no separate header files, and no requirement that methods and types be declared in a particular order. A C# source file may define any number of classes, structs, interfaces, and events.

.NET Framework Platform Architecture

C# programs run on the .NET Framework, an integral component of Windows that includes a virtual execution system called the common language runtime (CLR) and a unified set of class libraries. The CLR is the commercial implementation by Microsoft of the common language infrastructure (CLI), an international standard that is the basis for creating execution and development environments in which languages and libraries work together seamlessly.

Source code written in C# is compiled into an intermediate language (IL) that conforms to the CLI specification. The IL code and resources, such as bitmaps and strings, are stored on disk in an executable file called an assembly, typically with an extension of .exe or .dll. An assembly contains a manifest that provides information about the assembly's types, version, culture, and security requirements.

When the C# program is executed, the assembly is loaded into the CLR, which might take various actions based on the information in the manifest. Then, if the security requirements are met, the CLR performs just in time (JIT) compilation to convert the IL code to native machine instructions. The CLR also provides other services related to automatic garbage collection, exception handling, and resource management. Code that is executed by the CLR is sometimes referred to as "managed code," in contrast to "unmanaged code" which is compiled into native machine language that targets a specific system. The following diagram illustrates the compile-time and run-time relationships of C# source code files, the .NET Framework class libraries, assemblies, and the CLR.

🔺Java

Our core Java programming tutorial is designed for students and working professionals. Java is an object-oriented, class-based, concurrent, secured and general-purpose computer-programming language. It is a widely used robust technology.

What is Java ???

Java is a programming language and a platform.

Java is a high level, robust, object-oriented and secure programming language.

Application

According to Sun, 3 billion devices run Java. There are many devices where Java is currently used. Some of them are as follows:

1. Desktop Applications such as acrobat reader, media player, antivirus, etc.
2. Web Applications such as irctc.co.in, javatpoint.com, etc.
3. Enterprise Applications such as banking applications.
4. Mobile
5. Embedded System
6. Smart Card
7. Robotics
8. Games, etc.

Types of Java Applications

There are mainly 4 types of applications that can be created using Java programming:

1) Standalone Application

Standalone applications are also known as desktop applications or window-based applications. These are traditional software that we need to install on every machine. Examples of standalone application are Media player, antivirus, etc. AWT and Swing are used in Java for creating standalone applications.

2) Web Application

An application that runs on the server side and creates a dynamic page is called a web application. Currently, Servlet, JSP, Struts, Spring, Hibernate, JSF, etc. technologies are used for creating web applications in Java.

3) Enterprise Application

An application that is distributed in nature, such as banking applications, etc. is called enterprise application. It has advantages of the high-level security, load balancing, and clustering. In Java, EJB is used for creating enterprise applications.

4) Mobile Application

An application which is created for mobile devices is called a mobile application. Currently, Android and Java ME are used for creating mobile applications.

Java Platforms / Editions

There are 4 platforms or editions of Java:

1) Java SE (Java Standard Edition)

It is a Java programming platform. It includes Java programming APIs such as java.lang, java.io, java.net, java.util, java.sql, java.math etc. It includes core topics like OOPs, String, Regex, Exception, Inner classes, Multithreading, I/O Stream, Networking, AWT, Swing, Reflection, Collection, etc.

2) Java EE (Java Enterprise Edition)

It is an enterprise platform which is mainly used to develop web and enterprise applications. It is built on the top of the Java SE platform. It includes topics like Servlet, JSP, Web Services, EJB, JPA, etc.

3) Java ME (Java Micro Edition)

It is a micro platform which is mainly used to develop mobile applications.

4) JavaFX

It is used to develop rich internet applications. It uses a light-weight user interface API.

Prerequisite

To learn Java, you must have the basic knowledge of C/C++ programming language.

Audience

Our Java programming tutorial is designed to help beginners and professionals.

Problem

We assure that you will not find any problem in this Java tutorial. However, if there is any mistake, please post the problem in the contact form.

🔺Python

• Python is an object-oriented programming language created by Guido Rossum in 1989. It is ideally designed for rapid prototyping of complex applications. It has interfaces to many OS system calls and libraries and is extensible to C or C++. Many large companies use the Python programming language include NASA, Google, YouTube, BitTorrent, etc.
• Python programming is widely used in Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Generation, Neural Networks and other advanced fields of Computer Science. Python had deep focus on code readability & this class will teach you python from basics.

🔺C/C++

• C++ is a general purpose programming language and widely used now a days for competitive programming. It has imperative, object-oriented and generic programming features. C++ runs on lots of platform like Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac etc.

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